Radiology Practice Test

What are the common adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media?

1. Headaches and dizziness

2. Allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity

3. Nausea and vomiting

4. Fatigue and weakness

The correct answer is: Allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity

Iodinated contrast media are commonly used in various imaging studies, especially in computed tomography (CT) scans, to enhance the visibility of internal structures. Understanding the adverse reactions associated with these contrast agents is crucial for patient safety. Allergic reactions to iodinated contrast media can range from mild to severe. Mild reactions may include urticaria (hives) and itching, while severe cases could lead to anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention. The immune response triggered by the contrast material can vary significantly among individuals, highlighting the importance of screening patients for prior reactions to contrast media. Nephrotoxicity refers to the potential for iodinated contrast agents to cause kidney damage, particularly in patients who may have pre-existing kidney impairment or those who are dehydrated. Contrast-induced nephropathy is a well-documented phenomenon that can result in elevated serum creatinine levels following the administration of contrast agents. This risk emphasizes the need for proper hydration and risk assessment before performing imaging studies involving iodinated contrast. While headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weakness can occur after the use of iodinated contrast media, these symptoms are typically less concerning for immediate medical intervention compared to allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity. Therefore